- : Hummingbird
scientists said the hummingbird, which is known as the smallest bird in size at all, but it is the smallest warm-blooded animals on the face of the earth, which has a complicated history in the world of evolution.
Among the unique qualities which characterize the hummingbird Also, as stated on Yahoo written, that the owner of a faster heartbeat and faster metabolic between vertebrates operations as it is the only bird that can fly backwards, the researchers succeeded in drawing the family tree of this bird which feeds mainly on the nectar of flowers, using genetic information derived from most types of this bird, the overall number 338 in the world a bit, and the next of kin of the bird.
The scientists added that the possible division of the bird species to nine sets vary depending on the size and the living quarters and methods of feeding and body shape, and lived common ancestor of all bird species found now by 22 million a year in Latin America, while the ancestors of hummingbird living in Europe as well. There is no bird species in our time only in the Americas.
He said Christopher Witt expert ornithology at the University of New Mexico, one of the researchers involved in the study, published in the journal (Carrant biological) The hummingbird enjoy brilliantly capabilities undisputed any object.
Witt said, "he can shave his wings and is in sleep mode and can move in any direction meticulously even in case of strong wind gusts. It also has the highest rate of energy consumption for per gram of weight when compared with any animal."
He said, "featuring brightly colored bright eye-catching when viewed in a good light. These combined characteristics of speed, agility and creativity have no counterpart in nature."
Picturesque and varied colors of the hummingbird, as male looks vibrant and colorful than females. He says Jamie McGuire biologist at the University of California at Berkeley, who led the study, said often characterized male painted green feathers on the body, while the "head colors vary in a manner involving all colors imaginable from gold to red, blue, purple, red-hitter for bluer along with all colors spectrum. "
Witt said that the bird's name is derived from the whirring sound caused by the flap the wings quickly. The faster speed to flap the wings of the bird almost 15 times per second, and feeds the hummingbird nectar mainly has a long pointy beak and tongue tapering to collect sap flowers. Due to the absence of the protein nectar almost Vbusa bird that feeds on insects as well.
McGuire said, "should the bird be fed constantly so that it can provide the needs of the necessary energy. Many of the hummingbirds to resort to the latency period for the night so as not to starve and up to the stage of mortality at night, which is good."
While hummingbirds now live in the new world of any North, Central and South America and the Caribbean, but the oldest fossils have been found in Europe. The researchers said that this shows that the bird was thrives in large numbers in the ancient world and then disappeared for unknown reasons, and announced in 2004 the discovery of fossils of the oldest in Germany for the types of hummingbird dating back to 30 million a year.
Waite said "fossil record for hummingbirds and small birds like him is extremely rare in a manner we do not know when the bird became extinct in Europe. Maybe in 30 million years, or it may be a few thousand years ago."
The researchers say that the evolutionary record and upgrading of hummingbird dispersion between Europe, Asia and South America. They added that these birds may have found its way to South America after crossing a land bridge was the link between Siberia and Alaska, and then expanded the bird species to environmental sites and other types originated in North America and the Caribbean.
The smaller types of hummingbird Today even the smallest bird in existence is the bee hummingbird found in Cuba and a length of about five centimeters and weighs about 1.9 grams, while the largest in South America to live and the length of 20 centimeters and weighs about 20 grams.
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